Incidence and Clinical Profile of Cardiovascular Abnormalities in Infants of Diabetic Mother

Authors

Kailas Randad, Topiwala National Medical college and BYL Nair Hospital,MumbaiFollow
Praveen Das, Topiwala National Medical College and BYL Nair Charitable hospital, Mumbai, IndiaFollow
Akash Dnyandeo Sarkate, Topiwala National Medical college and BYL Nair Hospital,MumbaiFollow
Qudsiya Ansari, Topiwala National Medical College and BYL Nair Charitable hospital, Mumbai, IndiaFollow

Author ORCID Identifier

Akash Sarkate

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-6684

Corresponding Author

Corresponding author- Akash Sarkate

Email akash.srk175@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-6684

Address- Department of Pediatrics, Topiwala National Medical College and BYL Nair Charitable hospital, Mumbai, India

Phone no +917218303440

Abstract

Background: Maternal diabetes is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, notably congenital heart disease (CHD) in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs). This study evaluated the prevalence and spectrum of CHDs in IDMs and the effect of maternal glycemic control.

Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over 18 months at a tertiary care centre in Mumbai. A total of 112 IDMs were enrolled. Maternal glycemic status was assessed using HbA1c and random blood sugar. All infants underwent clinical examination, oxygen saturation measurement, and echocardiography.

Results: CHDs were identified in 26.7% of infants. The most frequent lesions were ventricular septal defect (12.5%), hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (3.6%), atrial septal defect (3.6%), patent ductus arteriosus (2.6%), tetralogy of Fallot (1.8%), transposition of great arteries (1.8%), and truncus arteriosus (0.9%). Infants of mothers with overt diabetes had a higher incidence of CHD (47.2%) than those with gestational diabetes (17.3%). Poor glycemic control (HbA1c >6.4) was strongly associated with CHD, particularly cyanotic lesions. CHD prevalence was highest in infants of mothers requiring both insulin and metformin (37.5%).

Conclusion: Poor maternal glycemic control significantly increases CHD risk in IDMs. Strict glucose management during pregnancy and routine antenatal echocardiography are essential for early detection and improved outcomes.

Publication Date

Summer 7-11-2025

Publisher

JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research

Conflict of Interest

None

Keywords

Infant of Diabetic Mother, Congenital heart disease, Gestational Diabetes

Word Count

1821

Recommended Citation

Randad K, Das P, Sarkate AD, Ansari Q. Incidence and Clinical Profile of Cardiovascular Abnormalities in Infants of Diabetic Mother. Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 7(3): -. doi: https://doi.org/10.55691/2582-3868.1242

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.